01 - Preheat oven to 425°F. Prepare a baking sheet lined with parchment paper or foil.
02 - Arrange asparagus spears in a single layer on the baking sheet. Drizzle evenly with olive oil, then sprinkle with kosher salt and black pepper. Toss gently to coat.
03 - Roast in the preheated oven for 12 to 15 minutes, shaking the pan halfway through, until asparagus is tender and lightly browned.
04 - Remove from oven and immediately sprinkle with grated Parmesan and lemon zest. Drizzle fresh lemon juice over the top.
05 - Serve warm, optionally garnished with additional Parmesan or lemon wedges.